{"id":13093,"date":"2026-07-01T11:24:30","date_gmt":"2026-07-01T09:24:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.heyfair.de\/?post_type=glossar&#038;p=13093"},"modified":"2026-07-27T10:31:41","modified_gmt":"2026-07-27T08:31:41","slug":"eigenverantwortliche-einreibetechnik","status":"publish","type":"glossar","link":"https:\/\/www.heyfair.de\/en\/glossar\/eigenverantwortliche-einreibetechnik\/","title":{"rendered":"Self-directed rubbing technique"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The <strong>self-directed rubbing method<\/strong> This is a method for hygienic hand disinfection. Unlike the classic 6-step method according to the EN 1500 standard, it does not rely on a rigidly prescribed sequence of movements. Instead, the focus is on completely wetting the entire skin surface of the hands with the disinfectant.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Principle of personal responsibility<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201e&quot;Personal responsibility&quot; means that users consciously perform hand disinfection and actively monitor the result. The crucial factor is not simply completing individual movements, but ensuring the hands are completely covered.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Objective:<\/strong> The primary goal is to avoid gaps in coverage and to achieve reliable germ reduction.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Individual design:<\/strong> Since rigid movement sequences are often prone to errors in practice, this method leaves the exact execution of the movement to the user.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Special focus:<\/strong> Main contact points and areas with frequent gaps in coverage must be rubbed in particularly intensively.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Implementation and success factors<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The self-administered hand-rubbing method focuses on complete coverage. The technique is chosen so that both hands remain fully coated with hand sanitizer for the specified contact time.<sup data-fn=\"e40c00ff-2c03-4563-a78d-10fed34e7f75\" class=\"fn\"><a href=\"#e40c00ff-2c03-4563-a78d-10fed34e7f75\" id=\"e40c00ff-2c03-4563-a78d-10fed34e7f75-link\">1<\/a><\/sup> <sup data-fn=\"6c9950e0-a342-410f-b1f2-1c463848ad3f\" class=\"fn\"><a href=\"#6c9950e0-a342-410f-b1f2-1c463848ad3f\" id=\"6c9950e0-a342-410f-b1f2-1c463848ad3f-link\">2<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Dry hands:<\/strong> The hand sanitizer should be applied to dry hands so that it is not diluted by water.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Sufficient quantity:<\/strong> At least 3 ml of hand sanitizer are used. A practical guideline is the amount that fits in the palm of your hand.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Complete wetting:<\/strong> The product is applied in such a way that it reaches fingertips, nail folds, thumbs, spaces between fingers, palms, backs of hands and wrists.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Critical areas:<\/strong> Areas where gaps in coverage frequently occur are rubbed in particularly intensively (e.g., fingertips, nail folds, and thumbs).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Exposure time:<\/strong> The contact time specified by the manufacturer is observed. Hands must remain moist during this time.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Diploma:<\/strong> After the application time has elapsed, the hands are not dried. The product dries in the air.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Differentiation from the 6-step method<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The classic 6-step method is based on a fixed sequence of movements. It originates from the <strong>Test method according to EN 1500<\/strong> well-known and can be helpful for training.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, the Clean Hands campaign points out that DIN EN 1500 is a testing method for hand disinfectants and not a binding guideline for the rubbing technique in everyday life.<sup data-fn=\"ca2862f0-b0c4-4778-a50d-5bb75a99f2d0\" class=\"fn\"><a href=\"#ca2862f0-b0c4-4778-a50d-5bb75a99f2d0\" id=\"ca2862f0-b0c4-4778-a50d-5bb75a99f2d0-link\">3<\/a><\/sup> According to this classification, a fixed sequence of movements does not automatically guarantee the reliable avoidance of wetting gaps.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Study situation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A frequently cited study by <strong>Kampf et al.<\/strong> In 2008, a study compared various hand-rubbing techniques using fluorescent dye and UV light. The &quot;responsible application,&quot; meaning self-directed application without a fixed sequence of steps, achieved at least comparable hand coverage to the classic six-step technique. The authors concluded that high-quality hand disinfection requires 30 seconds and that self-directed or adapted techniques can be practical.<sup data-fn=\"3bed32ce-2c21-4f86-9b08-70c6629b5e87\" class=\"fn\"><a href=\"#3bed32ce-2c21-4f86-9b08-70c6629b5e87\" id=\"3bed32ce-2c21-4f86-9b08-70c6629b5e87-link\">4<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Another study by <strong>Sakmen et al.<\/strong> A 2019 study examined medical students and compared the 6-step method with self-administered hand disinfection. No significant differences were found immediately after the training. However, at later measurement points, the self-administered method performed better in some areas, particularly regarding the distribution of disinfectant on the hands.<sup data-fn=\"b59342e7-fee8-468f-bf99-6fcd86ff31f1\" class=\"fn\"><a href=\"#b59342e7-fee8-468f-bf99-6fcd86ff31f1\" id=\"b59342e7-fee8-468f-bf99-6fcd86ff31f1-link\">5<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Recommendations<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The <strong>Clean Hands Campaign<\/strong> The classic 6-step method is explicitly classified as a testing method according to DIN EN 1500 and not as a binding guideline for practical application techniques in everyday life. According to the position paper, a fixed sequence of movements does not automatically guarantee that gaps in coverage are reliably avoided. Therefore, training, sufficient product quantity, complete application, and particular attention to areas prone to gaps in coverage are especially recommended.<sup data-fn=\"5070875a-d737-4d0b-a14c-5953fa7aeb97\" class=\"fn\"><a href=\"#5070875a-d737-4d0b-a14c-5953fa7aeb97\" id=\"5070875a-d737-4d0b-a14c-5953fa7aeb97-link\">6<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The <strong>S2k guideline<\/strong> \u201eThe &quot;Hand Disinfection and Hand Hygiene&quot; guideline of the Association of Scientific Medical Societies (AWMF) supports this approach. No advantage has been demonstrated for the movement sequence according to DIN EN 1500 compared to a self-chosen rubbing technique.<sup data-fn=\"aa1164ab-c0d3-4a0d-9d86-fae876281083\" class=\"fn\"><a href=\"#aa1164ab-c0d3-4a0d-9d86-fae876281083\" id=\"aa1164ab-c0d3-4a0d-9d86-fae876281083-link\">7<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Importance for education and training<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The shift to self-directed hand-rubbing requires a change in training practices in the healthcare sector, moving the focus from rigid sequences of movements to problem awareness and the actual protective effect. Modern training approaches concentrate on developing an awareness of critical areas, the correct amount of disinfectant, and its required holding time, thereby increasing staff acceptance and compliance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Visual feedback is particularly helpful because gaps in coverage become immediately visible. This allows you to check whether your personal application sequence is working reliably and whether all relevant skin areas are being reached.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Technical recommendations from KRINKO\/RKI, WHO and the Clean Hands Campaign support this focus on complete wetting and practical training.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:75px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-small-font-size\" style=\"color:#4d4d4d\">Sources:<\/p>\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-footnotes\"><li id=\"e40c00ff-2c03-4563-a78d-10fed34e7f75\">Clean Hands Campaign, Scientific Advisory Board: Position paper \u201eRubbing Method\u201c. Adopted version of September 30, 2011. Accessed June 11, 2026.<br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aktion-sauberehaende.de\/files\/public\/fileadmin\/ash\/download-Material\/Positionspapiere-Literatur\/03-ASH_Positionspapier_Einreibemethode_30092011.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.aktion-sauberehaende.de\/files\/public\/fileadmin\/ash\/download-Material\/Positionspapiere-Literatur\/03-ASH_Positionspapier_Einreibemethode_30092011.pdf<\/a> <a href=\"#e40c00ff-2c03-4563-a78d-10fed34e7f75-link\" aria-label=\"Jump to footnote reference 1\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li><li id=\"6c9950e0-a342-410f-b1f2-1c463848ad3f\">German Society for Hospital Hygiene (DGKH): S2k Guideline \u201eHand Disinfection and Hand Hygiene\u201c. AWMF Registry No. 075-004, Version 4.0, Status: February 3, 2023. Accessed on June 11, 2026.<br><a href=\"https:\/\/register.awmf.org\/assets\/guidelines\/075-004l_S2k_Haendedesinfektion-und-Haendehygiene_2023-09.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/register.awmf.org\/assets\/guidelines\/075-004l_S2k_Haendedesinfektion-und-Haendehygiene_2023-09.pdf<\/a><br> <a href=\"#6c9950e0-a342-410f-b1f2-1c463848ad3f-link\" aria-label=\"Jump to footnote reference 2\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li><li id=\"ca2862f0-b0c4-4778-a50d-5bb75a99f2d0\">Clean Hands Campaign, Scientific Advisory Board: Position paper \u201eRubbing Method\u201c. Adopted version of September 30, 2011. Accessed June 11, 2026.<br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aktion-sauberehaende.de\/files\/public\/fileadmin\/ash\/download-Material\/Positionspapiere-Literatur\/03-ASH_Positionspapier_Einreibemethode_30092011.pdf\">https:\/\/www.aktion-sauberehaende.de\/files\/public\/fileadmin\/ash\/download-Material\/Positionspapiere-Literatur\/03-ASH_Positionspapier_Einreibemethode_30092011.pdf<\/a> <a href=\"#ca2862f0-b0c4-4778-a50d-5bb75a99f2d0-link\" aria-label=\"Jump to footnote reference 3\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li><li id=\"3bed32ce-2c21-4f86-9b08-70c6629b5e87\">Kampf G, Reichel M, Feil Y, Eggerstedt S, Kaulfers PM: Influence of rub-in technique on required application time and hand coverage in hygienic hand disinfection. BMC Infectious Diseases. 2008;8:149. DOI: 10.1186\/1471-2334-8-149.<br><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/18959788\/\">https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/18959788\/<\/a> <a href=\"#3bed32ce-2c21-4f86-9b08-70c6629b5e87-link\" aria-label=\"Jump to footnote reference 4\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li><li id=\"b59342e7-fee8-468f-bf99-6fcd86ff31f1\">Sakmen KD, Sterz J, Stefanescu MC, Zabel J, Lehmann M, Ruesseler M: Impact of the teaching method of the rub-in technique for learning hygienic hand disinfection in medical studies: a comparative effectiveness analysis of two techniques. GMS Hygiene and Infection Control. 2019;14. DOI: 10.3205\/dgkh000332.<br><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/31815090\/\">https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/31815090\/<\/a> <a href=\"#b59342e7-fee8-468f-bf99-6fcd86ff31f1-link\" aria-label=\"Jump to footnote reference 5\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li><li id=\"5070875a-d737-4d0b-a14c-5953fa7aeb97\">Clean Hands Campaign, Scientific Advisory Board: Position paper \u201eRubbing Method\u201c. Adopted version of September 30, 2011. Accessed June 11, 2026.<br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aktion-sauberehaende.de\/files\/public\/fileadmin\/ash\/download-Material\/Positionspapiere-Literatur\/03-ASH_Positionspapier_Einreibemethode_30092011.pdf\">https:\/\/www.aktion-sauberehaende.de\/files\/public\/fileadmin\/ash\/download-Material\/Positionspapiere-Literatur\/03-ASH_Positionspapier_Einreibemethode_30092011.pdf<\/a> <a href=\"#5070875a-d737-4d0b-a14c-5953fa7aeb97-link\" aria-label=\"Jump to footnote reference 6\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li><li id=\"aa1164ab-c0d3-4a0d-9d86-fae876281083\">German Society for Hospital Hygiene (DGKH): S2k Guideline \u201eHand Disinfection and Hand Hygiene\u201c. AWMF Registry No. 075-004, Version 4.0, Status: February 3, 2023. Accessed on June 11, 2026.<br><a href=\"https:\/\/register.awmf.org\/assets\/guidelines\/075-004l_S2k_Haendedesinfektion-und-Haendehygiene_2023-09.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/register.awmf.org\/assets\/guidelines\/075-004l_S2k_Haendedesinfektion-und-Haendehygiene_2023-09.pdf<\/a><br> <a href=\"#aa1164ab-c0d3-4a0d-9d86-fae876281083-link\" aria-label=\"Jump to footnote reference 7\">\u21a9\ufe0e<\/a><\/li><\/ol>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Die eigenverantwortliche Einreibemethode ist ein Verfahren zur hygienischen H\u00e4ndedesinfektion. Im Gegensatz zur klassischen 6-Schritte-Methode nach der Norm EN 1500 verzichtet sie auf eine starr vorgegebene Abfolge von Bewegungsabl\u00e4ufen. Der Fokus liegt stattdessen auf der&nbsp;vollst\u00e4ndigen Benetzung&nbsp;der gesamten Hautoberfl\u00e4che der H\u00e4nde mit dem Desinfektionsmittel. Prinzip der Eigenverantwortlichkeit \u201eEigenverantwortlich\u201c bedeutet, dass Anwenderinnen und Anwender die H\u00e4ndedesinfektion bewusst durchf\u00fchren [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":13133,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_titles_title":"%%post_title%%","_seopress_titles_desc":"%%post_excerpt%%","_seopress_robots_index":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":"[{\"content\":\"Aktion Saubere H\u00e4nde, Wissenschaftlicher Beirat: Positionspapier \u201eEinreibemethode\u201c. Verabschiedete Version vom 30.09.2011. Zugriff am 11.06.2026.<br><a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.aktion-sauberehaende.de\/files\/public\/fileadmin\/ash\/download-Material\/Positionspapiere-Literatur\/03-ASH_Positionspapier_Einreibemethode_30092011.pdf\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noreferrer noopener\\\">https:\/\/www.aktion-sauberehaende.de\/files\/public\/fileadmin\/ash\/download-Material\/Positionspapiere-Literatur\/03-ASH_Positionspapier_Einreibemethode_30092011.pdf<\/a>\",\"id\":\"e40c00ff-2c03-4563-a78d-10fed34e7f75\"},{\"content\":\"Deutsche Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Krankenhaushygiene (DGKH): S2k-Leitlinie \u201eH\u00e4ndedesinfektion und H\u00e4ndehygiene\u201c. AWMF-Register-Nr. 075-004, Version 4.0, Stand: 03.02.2023. Zugriff am 11.06.2026.<br><a href=\\\"https:\/\/register.awmf.org\/assets\/guidelines\/075-004l_S2k_Haendedesinfektion-und-Haendehygiene_2023-09.pdf\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noreferrer noopener\\\">https:\/\/register.awmf.org\/assets\/guidelines\/075-004l_S2k_Haendedesinfektion-und-Haendehygiene_2023-09.pdf<\/a><br>\",\"id\":\"6c9950e0-a342-410f-b1f2-1c463848ad3f\"},{\"content\":\"Aktion Saubere H\u00e4nde, Wissenschaftlicher Beirat: Positionspapier \u201eEinreibemethode\u201c. Verabschiedete Version vom 30.09.2011. Zugriff am 11.06.2026.<br><a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.aktion-sauberehaende.de\/files\/public\/fileadmin\/ash\/download-Material\/Positionspapiere-Literatur\/03-ASH_Positionspapier_Einreibemethode_30092011.pdf\\\">https:\/\/www.aktion-sauberehaende.de\/files\/public\/fileadmin\/ash\/download-Material\/Positionspapiere-Literatur\/03-ASH_Positionspapier_Einreibemethode_30092011.pdf<\/a>\",\"id\":\"ca2862f0-b0c4-4778-a50d-5bb75a99f2d0\"},{\"content\":\"Kampf G, Reichel M, Feil Y, Eggerstedt S, Kaulfers PM: Influence of rub-in technique on required application time and hand coverage in hygienic hand disinfection. BMC Infectious Diseases. 2008;8:149. DOI: 10.1186\/1471-2334-8-149.<br><a href=\\\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/18959788\/\\\">https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/18959788\/<\/a>\",\"id\":\"3bed32ce-2c21-4f86-9b08-70c6629b5e87\"},{\"content\":\"Sakmen KD, Sterz J, Stefanescu MC, Zabel J, Lehmann M, Ruesseler M: Impact of the teaching method of the rub-in technique for learning hygienic hand disinfection in medical studies: a comparative effectiveness analysis of two techniques. GMS Hygiene and Infection Control. 2019;14. DOI: 10.3205\/dgkh000332.<br><a href=\\\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/31815090\/\\\">https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/31815090\/<\/a>\",\"id\":\"b59342e7-fee8-468f-bf99-6fcd86ff31f1\"},{\"content\":\"Aktion Saubere H\u00e4nde, Wissenschaftlicher Beirat: Positionspapier \u201eEinreibemethode\u201c. Verabschiedete Version vom 30.09.2011. Zugriff am 11.06.2026.<br><a href=\\\"https:\/\/www.aktion-sauberehaende.de\/files\/public\/fileadmin\/ash\/download-Material\/Positionspapiere-Literatur\/03-ASH_Positionspapier_Einreibemethode_30092011.pdf\\\">https:\/\/www.aktion-sauberehaende.de\/files\/public\/fileadmin\/ash\/download-Material\/Positionspapiere-Literatur\/03-ASH_Positionspapier_Einreibemethode_30092011.pdf<\/a>\",\"id\":\"5070875a-d737-4d0b-a14c-5953fa7aeb97\"},{\"content\":\"Deutsche Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Krankenhaushygiene (DGKH): S2k-Leitlinie \u201eH\u00e4ndedesinfektion und H\u00e4ndehygiene\u201c. AWMF-Register-Nr. 075-004, Version 4.0, Stand: 03.02.2023. Zugriff am 11.06.2026.<br><a href=\\\"https:\/\/register.awmf.org\/assets\/guidelines\/075-004l_S2k_Haendedesinfektion-und-Haendehygiene_2023-09.pdf\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noreferrer noopener\\\">https:\/\/register.awmf.org\/assets\/guidelines\/075-004l_S2k_Haendedesinfektion-und-Haendehygiene_2023-09.pdf<\/a><br>\",\"id\":\"aa1164ab-c0d3-4a0d-9d86-fae876281083\"}]"},"glossar-filter":[202],"class_list":["post-13093","glossar","type-glossar","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","glossar_kategorie-a-g"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.heyfair.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossar\/13093","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.heyfair.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossar"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.heyfair.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/glossar"}],"version-history":[{"count":30,"href":"https:\/\/www.heyfair.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossar\/13093\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13139,"href":"https:\/\/www.heyfair.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossar\/13093\/revisions\/13139"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.heyfair.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13133"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.heyfair.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13093"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"glossar_kategorie","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.heyfair.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossar-filter?post=13093"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}